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Testing of Synchronous Generators
- Acceptance Testing
- A1. Insulation Resistance Testing
- A2. Dielectric and Partial Discharge Tests
- A3. Resistance Measurement
- A4–5. Tests for Short-Circuited Field Turns and Polarity Test for Field Insulation
- A6. Shaft Current and Bearing Insulation
- A7. Phase Sequence
- A8. Telephone-Influence Factor
- A9. Balanced Telephone-Influence Factor
- A10. Residual-Component Telephone-Influence Factor
- A11. Line-to-Neutral Telephone-Influence Factor
- A12. Stator Terminal Voltage Waveform Deviation and Distortion Factors
- A13. Overspeed Tests
- A14. Line Charging Capacity
- A15. Acoustic Noise
- Testing for Performance (Saturation Curves, Segregated Losses, and Efficiency)
- Separate Driving for Saturation Curves and Losses
- Electric Input (Idle-Motoring) Method for Saturation Curves and Losses
- Retardation (Free Deceleration Tests)
- Excitation Current under Load and Voltage Regulation
- The Armature Leakage Reactance
- Potier Reactance
- Excitation Current for Specified Load
- Excitation Current for Stability Studies
- Temperature Tests
- Need for Determining Electrical Parameters
- Per Unit Values
- Tests for Parameters under Steady State
- Xdu, Xds Measurements
- Quadrature-Axis Magnetic Saturation Xq from Slip Tests
- Negative Sequence Impedance Z2
- Zero Sequence Impedance Zo
- Short-Circuit Ratio
- Angle δ, Xds, Xqs Determination from Load Tests
- Saturated Steady-State Parameters from Standstill Flux Decay Tests
- Tests to Estimate the Subtransient and Transient Parameters
- Three-Phase-Sudden Short-Circuit Tests
- Field Sudden Short-Circuit Tests with Open Stator Circuit
- The Short-Circuit Armature Time Constant Ta
- Transient and Subtransient Parameters from d and q Axis Flux Decay Test at Standstill
- Subtransient Reactances from Standstill Single-Frequency AC Tests
- Standstill Frequency Response Tests
- Online Identification of SG Parameters
- A Small-Signal Injection on Line Technique
- Line Switching (On or Off) Parameter Identification for Isolated Grids
- Synthetic Back-to-Back Load Testing with Inverter Supply
- Summary
- References
Abstract
Testing of synchronous generators (SGs) is performed to obtain the steady-state performance characteristics and the circuit parameters for dynamic (transients) analysis. The testing methods may be divided into standard and research types. Tests of a more general nature are included in standards that are renewed from time to time to include recent well-documented progress in the art. IEEE standards 115-1995 present a rather comprehensive plethora of tests for synchronous machines (SMs).
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