Abstract

Research design is an extensive and important topic, and thus two chapters are devoted to it. In this chapter the general concepts, principles, and categories of “Experimental and Quasi-Experimental Designs” will be discussed, followed by detailed coverage of “Within-Participants/Subjects Designs.” The next chapter covers both the “Between-Participants and -Subjects Designs” and the “Multiple Treatment Designs.” Within-participants designs are discussed first because between-participants designs then can be viewed as expansions of these designs, providing for better control of many extraneous variables, although poorer control of individual differences among participants.