Abstract

Human drug abuse study is an important part of evaluating a drug’s effect on the human central nervous system (CNS) to produce subjective responses related to abuse potential. There are three types of pharmacodynamics (PD) clinical studies—the human abuse potential (HAP) study, the human abuse study for abuse-deterrent opioids, and the human drug withdrawal study. All of them play vital roles in a nation’s effort to curb illegal use of prescription opioid drugs and other controlled substances.