Abstract

Nowadays, time series analysis is widely used in many branches of engineering, physical science, and economics, and it can be said that most branches of science lead to the study of data that are in the form of time series. A time series is a collection of statistical data collected regularly at certain time intervals. Time series analysis is a process through which the collected data is statistically analyzed. Time series analysis usually follows two purposes: first, understanding or modeling the random mechanism that leads to the observed series and second, forecasting future values of series takes place on the basis of its past.