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In This Chapter
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17 Axes and angles of the eye
- Introduction
- Definitions and Importance of Axes
- Optical Axis
- Line of Sight
- Visual Axis
- Pupillary Axis
- Fixation Axis
- Keratometric Axis
- Achromatic Axis
- Pupillary Circular Axis
- Locating Axes
- Angles Between Axes
- Visual Axis and Optical Axis: Angle Alpha (sα)
- Pupillary Axis and Line of Sight: Angle Lambda (λ)
- Pupillary Axis and Visual Axis: Angle Kappa (κ)
- Visual Axis and Achromatic Axis: Angle Psi (Ψ)
- Fixation Axis and Optical Axis: Angle Gamma (γ)
- Line of Sight and Pupillary Circular Axis
- References
Abstract
Most man-made optical systems are rotationally symmetric about the optical axis. If the surfaces of the system are spherical, it is the line joining their centers of curvatures. If one or more surfaces are astigmatic or toroidal and have two planes of symmetry, the line of intersection of these two planes forms part of the optical axis.
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